Depressive Disorder Overview
Depression is a mood disorder that causes persistent sadness and loss of interest. Also called a major depressive disorder or clinical depression, depression can affect your sense of taste the way you think and behave and cause various emotional and physical problems if you have difficulty with normal daily physical activities and sometimes feel as though life isn’t worth living. Then, chances are you are suffering from depression. Depression cannot be known with certainty, especially by people with depression themselves. People with depression need clinical help, mental treatment, and restoration of social life. Not only are feeling sad, but depressed people are also difficult to cope with because, in reality, depression also requires long-term treatment, regular medication, psychotherapy, and combination therapy. Depression is a common disease worldwide, with an estimated 3.8% of the population affected, including 5.0% among adults and 5.7% among older adults older than 60 years. Two hundred eighty million people in the world experience depression. Depression is very different from mood fluctuation disorders and emotional disorders. Depression is more due to a decrease in the quality of life in everyday life. Depression can also occur repeatedly with various intensity ranges ranging from depression with mild, moderate and severe intensity. It is undeniable that depression can be a very serious health condition disorder.
Most people with depression experience a decrease in the quality of life, especially in work, learning at school, lectures and relationships between family members. Not infrequently, depression can also lead to suicidal ideation disorders, whether planned or unplanned. It has been recorded that 700,000 people die from suicide every year. The age range of 15-19 years is the age range for the cause of suicide. It is also noted that every year there are people who commit suicide.
Depression is not a weakness, depression is treatable, and there are proven effective treatments for mental disorders, but unfortunately, 75% of people in low- and middle-income countries do not receive adequate treatment for their illness. Barriers include lack of human resources, health service centres or health facilities that are not professionally trained, and a bad social stigma for people with mental disorders. Overall, people who experience depression do not get a proper diagnosis. Besides that, there are too many misdiagnoses, so many antidepressant drugs are given inappropriately. In diagnosing depression, there are at least some symptoms of depression such as mood disorders, sensitivity, difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbances and others that occur for at least two weeks.
There are some persistent depressive disorders called dysthymia (a mood disorder that lasts for two years). Symptoms vary from mild, moderate, severe symptoms, all of which persist within two years. Postpartum depression can also occur, called the “baby blues” symptoms of depression and anxiety are relatively mild and usually disappear after two weeks of delivery. But depression can also occur in women with more severe symptoms, and these symptoms can occur during pregnancy or after childbirth. Symptoms include feelings of sadness, anxiety, and chronic fatigue that make it difficult for postnatal women to carry out daily self-care for themselves and their newborns, for example, bathing, breastfeeding, dressing the baby, changing baby diapers, eating, and so on. -other. At the same time, psychotic depression can occur in someone who has severe depression coupled with some psychotic symptoms such as strong false beliefs (delusions), hearing and seeing things that can interfere with their thinking but cannot be heard and seen by others (hallucinations). These symptoms have a major impact on people with depression in feelings of guilt, poverty, and serious illness. Affective disorders are characterized by depression for months, especially in winter or rainy, and will recover in summer. There will usually be many symptoms and behavioural changes in the winter or rainy seasons, such as social withdrawal, increased sleep, and weight gain. These symptoms of affective depression are called seasonal depressive symptoms.
Bipolar disorder is different from depression, but symptoms are still related to depression, namely a minimal mood disorder referred to as severe symptoms of depression or bipolar disorder. However, a person with symptoms of major depression can also experience feelings of extreme pleasure known as euphoria symptoms, so that they have symptoms of irritability. This symptom is also called mania, and milder symptoms are called hypomania.
Depressive disorder is a DSM-5 diagnostic classification and is a mood disorder (especially in children and adolescents) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).
